Schrödinger's computer

Quantum computer works best switched off

* 22 February 2006
* From New Scientist Print Edition

Even for the crazy world of quantum mechanics, this one is twisted. A
quantum computer program has produced an answer without actually
running.

The idea behind the feat, first proposed in 1998, is to put a quantum
computer into a "superposition", a state in which it is both running
and not running. It is as if you asked Schrödinger's cat to hit "Run".

With the right set-up, the theory suggested, the computer would
sometimes get an answer out of the computer even though the program
did not run. And now researchers from the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign have improved on the original design and built a
non-running quantum computer that really works.

They send a photon into a system of mirrors and other optical devices,
which included a set of components that run a simple database search
by changing the properties of the photon.

The new design includes a quantum trick called the Zeno effect.
Repeated measurements stop the photon from entering the actual
program, but allow its quantum nature to flirt with the program's
components - so it can become gradually altered even though it never
actually passes through.

"It is very bizarre that you know your computer has not run but you
also know what the answer is," says team member Onur Hosten.

This scheme could have an advantage over straightforward quantum
computing. "A non-running computer produces fewer errors," says
Hosten. That sentiment should have technophobes nodding
enthusiastically.

Journal reference: Nature (vol 439, p 949)

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